| Disease | Organisms | Symptoms | Occurrence | Hosts | Control |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brown leaf spot | Pleiochaeta setosa | Dark spots on leaves and pods, leaves drop off, lesions may girdle stem. | Very common but losses usually minor in dry areas, yield loss can be significant in cool damp areas. | Spores in soil and lupin trash, rain-splash and wind blown. | Fungicide seed dressings Crop rotation Variety selection Early sowing |
| Pleiochaeta root rot | Pleiochaeta setosa | Browning and rotting of tap and lateral roots, seedling plant death. | Serious reduction in lupin plant density and vigour. | Spores in soil infecting roots usually at seedling stage, spread also by rain-splash. | Rotation - minimum 4 years between lupins Sowing 4-5 cm deep to avoid spore layer, Fungicide seed dressings |
| Rhizoctonia | Rhizoctonia spp. | Bare patches in crop, spear tipped root ends, hypocotyl rot and stain. | Can be severe in isolated patches, reduces stand density, favoured by minimum tillage, wet soils and mild conditions. | Soil borne infection on wide host range, survives as fungal fragments in soil and plant debris. | Tillage prior and during sowing Rotation has no effect Increased seeding rate |
| Anthracnose | Colletotrichum lupini | Stems bend over, sticky dark brown lesions in crook of bend, pods and leaves above crook twist and deform, dark lesions with pale centres on leaves, stems and pods. | Severe infections can result in complete crop failure. | Spores surviving in soil are transported by vehicles, machinery, animals and people, spread in crop by rain-splash and wind. | Clean seed and machinery 4-year break between lupins Resistant varieties Fungicide seed dressings reduce seedling infection |
| Cucumber mosaic virus | Virus | All growth after infection is dwarfed, leaflets are yellowed and bunched. | Early widespread infection severely reduces yield. Minor infections prevent use of harvested grain as seed. | Seed borne infection in narrow leaf lupin, aphids transmit the disease within a crop. | Sow clean seed Use a seed test High sowing rates Cereal barriers around crops reduce aphid transmission. |
| Bean yellow mosaic virus | Virus | Brown streaks on stem, shepherd crook, pods blackened and flat, plants wilt and die. | Occurs in all lupin growing areas. Can be severe in higher rainfall areas. | Seed borne in albus, aphid spread in crop, many host species. | Sow virus free seed High plant density Cereal barrier |
